论文标题：Strategies for feeding the world more sustainably with organic agriculture
期刊：
作者：Adrian Muller et al
发表时间：2017/11/14
数字识别码：10.1038/s41467-017-01410-w
原文链接：
《自然-通讯》上发表的文章Strategies for feeding the world more sustainably with organic agriculture利用粮食系统模型评估了有机农业的可持续性。
有机农业被认为是实现粮食系统可持续性的一种行之有效的方法，但其可行性也受到了质疑。来自苏黎世联邦理工学院的Christian Schader及同事，用一个能分析有机农业的农学特性的粮食系统模型，来分析有机农业在可持续粮食系统中可能发挥的作用。
研究发现，100％转化成有机农业比传统农业需要更多的土地，但减少了氮肥盈余和农药的使用。然而，结合减少的粮食浪费，减少喂养牲畜耕地生产的饲料，以及相应减少的动物产品的生产与消耗，有机农业下的土地使用量仍低于参考情景。虽然温室气体排放等其他指标有所改善，但充足的氮供应却受到了挑战。
除了重视生产外，粮食系统可持续性还需要解决废弃物、农作物—草畜相互依存关系和人类消费问题。没有任何一项相应的战略应该百分之百实施，但是将它们的部分实施相结合，便有助于实现粮食的可持续性生产。
摘要：Organic agriculture is proposed as a promising approach to achieving sustainable food systems, but its feasibility is also contested. We use a food systems model that addresses agronomic characteristics of organic agriculture to analyze the role that organic agriculture could play in sustainable food systems. Here we show that a 100% conversion to organic agriculture needs more land than conventional agriculture but reduces N-surplus and pesticide use. However, in combination with reductions of food wastage and food-competing feed from arable land, with correspondingly reduced production and consumption of animal products, land use under organic agriculture remains below the reference scenario. Other indicators such as greenhouse gas emissions also improve, but adequate nitrogen supply is challenging. Besides focusing on production, sustainable food systems need to address waste, crop–grass–livestock interdependencies and human consumption. None of the corresponding strategies needs full implementation and their combined partial implementation delivers a more sustainable food future.
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